Question

Why people suffering from acute water problems ?Name the scheme introduced by the government to improve it

Answer 1

Excessive withdrawal of groundwater coupled by significant de- crease in recharge contributes to the problem. The extent of saline water intrusion is influenced by nature of geological settings, hydraulic gradient, rate of groundwater withdrawal and its recharge (Choudhury et al. 2001). In studying the thickness and geometry of depositional systems, a common procedure is to make use of information from geological research, drilling, and exploitation boreholes. However, these methods are expensive and time consuming, preventing their use on a large scale. In contrast, geophysical measurements can provide a less expensive way to improve the knowledge of a set of boreholes (Maillet et al. 2005). For this reason, in many cases, geophysical prospecting techni- ques can provide complementary data that enable geological correlation, even in sectors where there are no data from boreholes. Indirect geophysical methods (like electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and VES surveys) generate continuous data throughout a given profile. It is helps in understanding spatial relations between fresh, brackish, and saline water, which commonly coexist in coastal aquifers.

Answer 2

$<I>$From the early 1990s, ten IDA projects have helped India to move away from the traditional top down approach in providing rural water supply services and begun to empower rural communities to construct and operate their own water supply systems. Projects spanning ten states have built on lessons learnt from earlier ones to improve water supply for about 26 million rural people.