Question

why pitiutary gland called the master gland

Answer 1

Pituitary gland: The main endocrine gland. It is a small structure in the head. It is called the master gland because it produces hormones that control other glands and many body functions including growth. The pituitary consists of the anterior and posterior pituitary.

Answer 2

At the center of the stress reaction is the pituitary gland that produces ACTH, which in turn stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol. It is cortisol that helps you to deal with stress. But the pituitary gland produces many more hormones: TSH, which stimulates thyroid hormone production; human growth hormones that helps bone grow in length and muscles to grow big; and the gonadotropins (FSH, LH) control the gonads (testicles and ovaries). Prolactin production from the pituitary gland stimulates breast milk production for feeding the baby after pregnancy. ADH from the posterior pituitary gland helps to conserve water by the kidneys (it helps concentrating urine).

The reason the pituitary gland is the master gland is because all these various body functions are important and it is a single hormone gland that regulates all of this!