Why rough surface are better radiators than smooth surface?
Answers
his is a generallization so it is not always true. It depends on the detials. If you make some simplifying assumptions such as: 2 samples of the same material at the standard temperature and in the same thermal environment and the "energy" you are interested in is thermal energy and the only difference is the surface roughness of the two samples where one sample is very smooth and the other sample is as rough as 60 grit abrasive, then, yes, the rougher surface will be a better radiator and better absorber.
A given material has a given emissivity (the opposite of absorbtivity) for a given type of electromagnetic radiation. The emissivity of that material changes with temperature. So... if the only difference is a smooth surface vs a rough surface, it is all about the amount of surface area and the rough surface has more surface area. (depending on the specifics of that rough surface but it may have a LOT more surface area, maybe a couple orders of magnitude higher surface area).
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