Question

why Samundragupta was called Indian Napolean?explain

Answer 1

He is called Napoleon of India for his monumental achievements in a single lifetime and amazing military prowess, and his lifestyle. He is also credited with reunification of India to a great extent for the first time since Mauryan Empire.
Samudragupta, then known as Prince inherited a politically unstable realm. His succession was really unstable and very contested. He had to fight almost every single brother he had, militarily and otherwise, to keep his throne. This internal civil war wreaked havoc on the economy of his kingdom.
Samudragupta managed to gain a victory against every single of his envious brothers. And then managed to fix the economy of his exhaused kingdom in a really short time, which impressed his imperial councillors.
When he became emperor, his small 'empire' was basically whatever his father, the first Gupta emperor, had managed to keep under his control.
The man lived almost his entire life out on military campaigns, with majority of his time spent with his soldiers. Just like Napoleon.
As soon as he managed to sort out internal troubles he immediately jumped on his adjacent kingdoms to the east, and won series of battles and forced them to give up their land to him. He personally led his army in a string of victories and won over kingdoms one after other. This raised alarm around India, and as kingdoms started forming alliances against him, he managed to defeat them again. He also brought what is now Nepal, under his suzerainty. He marched on the eastern coast of India from Bengal to Tamil Nadu and by the time he reached there, almost entire eastern India had come under his rule. He organized his conquered lands on the lines of two politcies - Digvijaya in the northern India and Dharmavijaya in southern India.
As soon as he returned from south, he immediately marched westwards and took over everything east of the Indus river (except lands around what is now Gujarat). After some border fighting, he made peace with Sassanid Empire of Persia and and made a final settlement of non-aggression. As soon as he was done with this, he marched on the remaining kingdoms of northern India and through a series of repeated victories, annexed all of them permanently.
Then he marched on his biggest rival and the last remaining state in India that had not submitted - the huge Vakataka kingdom. After heavy fighting he also managed to defeat them and was able to crown himself Samrat Chakravarin Maharajadhiraj, Emperor and Lord paramount of India.
He spent the rest of his life fighting small border wars in Himalayas, or to the east of Bengal, or subduing the few tiny states that managed to remain out of his reach. And then back at home trying to govern his huge territory efficiently and keep his economy intact after a generation of warfare.
The result was, beginning with a small stagnating and unstable realm, Samudragupta turned it into a giant empire which enjoyed prestige from Rome, Constantinople and Ctesiphon all the way to Luoyang and Jiankang. His policies of matrimonial alliance followed by clever threatening and blockading turned every other kingdom within India into his vassal, and a nominal part of his empire. Where the policy didn't work (like in case of Vakatakas for example), he simply marched over them and fought until they were too exhausted to keep waging war, and thus forced them to submit.
He created the largest military of his time, and the most powerful and effective navy of the late antiquity era. His army was capable of matching the prowess of Mauryan Empire's military that had died centuries ago. He also initiated construction of walled towns and restored older border outposts that had been dormant for a long, long time.
Economically, his vast empire easily became richest in the world. India had trade links from China to Rome both on land and sea. His navy patrolled around India and to some extent in Southeast Asia (a sort of Indian colony at the time), which kept piracy and naval threats minimum. His gold coins are found everywhere along north India. The wealth of the Gupta India was never matched again until a millenia later.
He also designed a great administration system that helped him further his goals a lot. He completely overhauled the method of government and ruling that had been the norm until his rules...and being a strong supporter of Vedic system he designed it around that. The system was way too dependent on personal ability and attitude of ruler and gave too much power to his vassals, but as long as it worked it turned out to be marvelous (until death of Emperor Skandagupta). He also created a very elaborate criminal and civil justice system, which worked wonders in keeping crime low and was praised by Indians as well as travellers of his time.

Answer 2

Samundragupta was known as the 'Napoleon of India' for his conquests, he was also a man of many talents and laid a firm foundation for the empire. The rise of the Gupta Empire and the beginning of its prosperity are attributed to him, his military conquests and policies.