Question

Why sound is called longitudinal waves

Answer 1

.Sound waves are called longitudinal because they vibrate along (i.e. parallel to) their direction of travel: the vibrations are in the same direction as the wave is traveling.

Perhaps what misleads people is that the word longitude is also used to describe the East/West location of places on the globe—a very different thing entirely.

Sound waves, Slinkys (stretched springs), bungee jumpers, and Jello (when you hit it with a hammer!) all are examples of longitudinal waves. They expand and contract along their direction of motion.

This is very different than water waves, radio waves, or waves on a guitar string, where the wave is transverse—perpendicular to the direction of travel.

If you can’t remember the right terms for the two types of waves, try to picture them in your head and take heart that the math for the two types of waves is quite similar: sines and cosines.

Answer 2

Sound waves in air ( and any fluid medium) are longitudinal waves because particles of the medium through which the sound is transported vibrate parallel to the direction that the sound waves moves.

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