why temperature change when h2so4 mix in water
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Sulphuric acid has a very high affinity for water. The hydration of the acid molecules forms ions that are much lower in energy than the acid itself.
When sulphuric acid mixes with water, the water molecules are protonated very rapidly, like so:
H2SO4 + H2O → HSO4^- + H3O^+
This reaction happens fully and in a very short space of time. The formation of the stable HSO4^- ion results in a loss of energy from the system, which is dissipated as heat. And because the reaction happens so quickly, the amount of heat generated is released all at once, making the solution extremely hot.
This property of sulphuric acid has advantages.
When sulphuric acid mixes with water, the water molecules are protonated very rapidly, like so:
H2SO4 + H2O → HSO4^- + H3O^+
This reaction happens fully and in a very short space of time. The formation of the stable HSO4^- ion results in a loss of energy from the system, which is dissipated as heat. And because the reaction happens so quickly, the amount of heat generated is released all at once, making the solution extremely hot.
This property of sulphuric acid has advantages.
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