Question

why the antibiotic penicillin does have any effect on our body ?
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Answer 1

Each bacteria contains cytoplasm, nucleoid, and organelles, all well protected in a capsule and a cell wall. ... This makes it impossible for the human cells to get damaged by the presence of penicillin in the body which means that penicillin is actually selectively toxic and does not harm our own cells.

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Answer 2

Generally most of the human infections are treated by antibiotics. These antibiotics must selectively targets and kill the bacterial cells but not the cells of its human host. Most bacteria contain a cell wall that is composed partly of a macromolecule called peptidoglycan. This mainly made up of amino sugars and short peptides. Human cells do not have or made peptidoglycan. Penicillin, one of the first antibiotics to be used widely, this mainly breaks and inhibits the formation of peptidoglycan. The result is a very fragile cell wall of bacteria bursts, leads to death of bacterium. No harm comes to the human host because penicillin does not inhibit any biochemical process that goes on within us.
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