Why the orbits away from the nucleus are considered as high energy orbit whereas the electrostatic force of nucleus is more on the orbits which are near to it?
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Because those which r found away from nucleus they r weakly attached to nucleus therefore their kinetic energy is very low which means that their internal energy is less consumed
Assume that u r running therefore u will consume high energy that means u dont have much energy and when u r just walking u consume lesser energy that means u have higher energy the same is the electron if it is found furthest it will not need to run to overcome the attraction force done by nucleus but those found closer to nucleus will need to run to overcome the attraction force unless the atomic system will be destroyed if the electron is attracted to the nucleus
Assume that u r running therefore u will consume high energy that means u dont have much energy and when u r just walking u consume lesser energy that means u have higher energy the same is the electron if it is found furthest it will not need to run to overcome the attraction force done by nucleus but those found closer to nucleus will need to run to overcome the attraction force unless the atomic system will be destroyed if the electron is attracted to the nucleus
Shanza1062:
Why the potential energy of a revolving electron is always greater than it's kinetic energy?
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We know that potential energy is the work done against the field. The field could be a gravitational field or electric field. The more work is done against the field, the more potential energy is stored in the body.
Now , nucleus is positively charged and electron is negatively charged.
Naturally, the electron moves towards the positive charge, no don't need to work on it .
But, if you want to move the electron away from the nucleus to the higher shells , the nucleus will attract it, so you will have to work on it , that work will be stored in it in the form of potential energy .The more you work on it in moving it away from the nucleus the more is potential energy.
Calculating the formula for electric potential energy, it comes to the simple concept :
Where r is the distance between the orbit and the nucleus.
(~) shows proportionality.
We also know that kinetic energy is due to the motion.
As the velocity of electron is greater in the orbit of small radius in order to provide the sufficient centripetal force for the electron.
Therefore kinetic energy of electron is greater near the nucleus, where the orbits are of small radius.
It means when the kinetic energy is greater, the potential energy is small and vice verse . As a result the total energy of the electron remains constant.
Now , nucleus is positively charged and electron is negatively charged.
Naturally, the electron moves towards the positive charge, no don't need to work on it .
But, if you want to move the electron away from the nucleus to the higher shells , the nucleus will attract it, so you will have to work on it , that work will be stored in it in the form of potential energy .The more you work on it in moving it away from the nucleus the more is potential energy.
Calculating the formula for electric potential energy, it comes to the simple concept :
Where r is the distance between the orbit and the nucleus.
(~) shows proportionality.
We also know that kinetic energy is due to the motion.
As the velocity of electron is greater in the orbit of small radius in order to provide the sufficient centripetal force for the electron.
Therefore kinetic energy of electron is greater near the nucleus, where the orbits are of small radius.
It means when the kinetic energy is greater, the potential energy is small and vice verse . As a result the total energy of the electron remains constant.
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