Question

Why the regional parties were emerging till now

Answer 1

Political sections are the agency in a democracy for society to collect and present to the government diverse opinions on various issues. They put together different leaders to form a responsible government. They have a process in which the government is assisted or restrained, legislation is made, justified or opposed. India has a structure of multiparties.

Explanation:

• Other than the 8 national parties -  "Bharatiya Janata Party, Indian National Congress",  "Communist Parties", "Nationalist Congress Party",  "Rashtriya Janata Dal", "Bahujan Samaj Party", "All India Trinamool Congress" & "National People's Party"; most of the major parties of the nation are classified by the "Election Commission" as ‘State parties’. These are "commonly" "referred" to as "regional parties"
• The origin and development of regional parties is primarily due to the existence in the Indian society of several national, cultural, ethnic, linguistic , caste, & religious communities.
• In India regional parties are based on themes like, autonomy ( demanding "greater powers" to the states), statehood (fighting for an "independent state", eg, Telangana, Jharkhand), identity ( fighting for "recognition of cultural rights" of a group, eg: DMK, Shiv Sena)  and Development etc

Evolution of Regional Party

• The number and power of regional parties have risen over the last four decades.  This has politically diversified the Parliament of India. Regional political parties have emerged so as to meet the aspirations in the region/state.
• Presently, no national party in Lok Sabha is able to win a majority on its own. Consequently, the political parties are forced to enter into partnerships with the State/regional parties. Since 1989, regional political parties have played a key role in "coalition politics".
• Our party structure has been federalized because of the regional political parties. The Center has started to resolve their issues and to respond to its expectations.  Our changing structure of parties has strengthened our federal system's cooperative trends.
• As a result of the growth of the multiparty system , the new age of coalition politics has come about through. Regional parties, though, filled a vacuum to defend minorities at coalition time, acted as a moderating power for national exclusive parties. The coalition strategy has contributed to regional parties' empowerment and has added to the search for true federalism in India.
• In 1980-89, there was tussle between the Congress at the centre and the newly emerged regional parties at the state level. Frivolous application of President's law under Article 356 also had led to more problems between the state and center. However, the regional parties grew larger and thus became more involved in central politics. The Telugu Desam, Andhra Pradesh's regional party, was the leading opposition party in the 8th Sabha Lok election in the year 1984.
• Currently, the regional parties have given a new dimension to the process of unity & nation building . The regional parties have made a powerful effect on the nature of "Centre-State" relations in India. They are the direct consequence, in multiethnic, multiracial, multireligious and multi-language communities like India.  Their development is thus in synergy with the whole democratic spirit.

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