Question

why the wall of the dams are made thicker at the bottom​

Answer 1

In simple words the answer is that,the pressure in water increases with the increasing depth,so that's why the walls of dam are made thicker at the bottom as to prevent the walls from cracking.

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Answer 2

Answer:

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The walls of the dams are made thicker because the water applied pressure on it the applied pressure increases as we go down. Thus the maximum amount of pressure is experienced at the bottom of the dam