Question

why thermodynamics aaply only on short particle not apply on large particle​

Answer 1

Answer:

The thermodynamic limit, or macroscopic limit,[1] of a system in statistical mechanics is the limit for a large number N of particles (e.g., atoms or molecules) where the volume is taken to grow in proportion with the number of particles.[2] The thermodynamic limit is defined as the limit of a system with a large volume, with the particle density held fixed.[3]

{\displaystyle N\to \infty ,\,V\to \infty ,\,{\frac {N}{V}}={\text{constant}}}{\ N\to \infty ,\,V\to \infty ,\,{\frac {N}{V}}={\text{constant}}}

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