why
valency of chlorine is -1 in NaCl
Answers
Answer:
They have seven electrons in their valence shell so react readily with metals that will give up electrons to form an ionic bond. ... Because of it's highly reactive nature chlorine is often found bound to other elements such as sodium (in rock salt, NaCl, see below).
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Answer:
Sodium (Na), for example, has one electron in its valence shell. This is an unstable state because that valence shell needs eight electrons to be full. Atoms like sodium, with only one or two electrons in a valence shell that needs eight electrons, are most likely to give up their valence electrons to achieve a stable state. All these atoms need is another atom that can attract their electrons!
An atom such as chlorine (Cl), that contains seven electrons in its valence shell, needs one more electron to have a full valence shell. If we use the same logic as we did for sodium, we should conclude that chlorine would rather gain one more electron than lose all seven of its valence electrons to achieve stability. Under the right conditions, atoms like chlorine will steal an electron from nearby atoms like sodium. This ability to pull electrons away from other atoms is termed electronegativity. Atoms with a valence shell that is almost full are more likely to be electronegative because they have greater reason to pull electrons towards them. Electronegative atoms are not negatively charged, but they are more likely to become negatively charged.