Question

Why voltage is measured across capacitor and not across inductor?

Answer 1

When an alternating voltage is applied across series RLC circuit, as the voltage is constantly changing, the elements constantly stores and releases the energy back into the circuit.

But during resonance, the energy keep on resonating between the inductor and capacitor. Because of this extra element of energy transfer on top of the supplied AC voltage, the voltage across these two elements is higher than the applied voltage

Answer 2

A capacitor stores electrical energy, with its current proportional to the rate of change of its voltage, while an inductor stores magnetic energy, with its voltage proportional to the rate of change of its current.