Question

Why was emergency declared by indira gandhi in 1975?

Answer 1

In India, "the Emergency" refers to a 19-month period from 1975 to 1977 when Prime Minister Indira Gandhi had a state of emergency declared across the country. Officially issued by President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed under Article 352 of the Constitution because of the prevailing "internal disturbance", the Emergency was in effect from 7 June 1975 until its withdrawal on 21 March 1977. The order bestowed upon the Prime Minister the authority to rule by decree, allowing elections to be suspended and civil liberties to be curbed. For much of the Emergency, most of Gandhi's political opponents were imprisoned and the press was censored. Several other human rights violations were reported from the time, including a forced mass-sterilization campaign spearheaded by Sanjay Gandhi, the Prime Minister's son. The Emergency is one of the most controversial periods of independent India's history.

The final decision to impose an emergency was proposed by Indira Gandhi, agreed upon by the president of India, and thereafter ratified by the cabinet and the parliament (from July to August 1975), based on the rationale that there were imminent internal and external threats to the Indian state.

Answer 2

Answer:

Emergency was proclaimed in response to petition filed by Raj Narain to declare Indira Gandhi's election invalid.

• On June 25, 1975, the government declared the threat of internal disturbances to invoke Article 352 of the Constitution.

• Article 352 can declare emergency on ground of either internal or external disturbances.

• The government decided a grave crisis to be arisen to proclaim emergency to bring law and order, restore efficiency and implement pro- poor welfare programmes.

• The President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmad proclaimed emergency which became the most controversial episode in Indian Politics.