Question

why was shiwalik ranges prone to earthquake and landslides explain

Answer 1

Shiwaliks are made up of loose, unconsolidated materials like boulders, stones, pebbles and soil. The shiwalik range is located on the boundary of Eurasian and Indo-Australian plate. So, they are more prone to earthquakes and landslides.

Answer 2

The shiwaliks ranges are still in the process of folding. This is the the youngest range of the Himalayas formed by unconsolidate rock material. Therefore these ranges are prone to earthquake and landslides.