Question

why was the decision to collectivise farms taken in former USSR

Answer 1

Collective farming and communal farmingare various types of "agricultural production in which multiple farmers run their holdings as a joint enterprise."[1] That type of collective is often an agricultural cooperative in which member-owners jointly engage in farming activities. The process by which farmland is aggregated (or forcefully taken) is called collectivization. In some countries (including the Soviet Union, the Eastern Bloc countries, China, and Vietnam), there have been state-run and cooperative-run variants. For example, the Soviet Union had both kolkhozy(cooperative-run type) and sovkhozy (state-run type), often denoted in English as collective farms and state farms, respectively.