Why was the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 framed? Mention any 2 crimes listed in the Act.
Answers
1. This Act may be called the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled extent and Tribes (Prevention
of Atrocities) Act, 1989.
2. It extends to the whole of India except the State of Jammu & Kashmir.
3. It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the
Official Gazette, appoint.
2. Definitions
1. In this Act unless the context otherwise requires -
a. "atrocity" means an offence punishable under section 3
b. "Code" means the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974)
c. "Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes" shall have the mean-ings assigned to them
respectively under clause (24) and clause (25) of article 366 of the Constitution
d. "Special Court" means a Court of Session specified as a Special Court in section 14
e. "Special Public Prosecutor" means a Public Prosecutor specified as a Special Public
Prosecutor or an advocate referred to in section 15
f. words and expressions unsed but not defined in this Act and de-fined in the Code or the
Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860) shall have the meanings assigned to them respectively
in the Code, or as the case may be, in the Indian Penal Code.
2. Any reference in this Act to any enactment or any provision thereof shall in relation to an area
in which such enactment or such provision is not in force, be construed as a reference to the
corresponding law, if any, in force in that area.
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Answer:
The Scheduled Castes and Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted to prevent atrocities against scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. The Act is popularly known as the SC/ST Act, POA, the Prevention of Atrocities Act, or simply the Atrocities Act.
It was enacted when the provisions of the existing laws (such as the Protection of Civil Rights Act 1955 and Indian Penal Code) were found to be inadequate to check these crimes (defined as 'atrocities' in the Act).[1] Recognising the continuing gross indignities and offences against Scheduled Castes and Tribes, the Parliament passed the 'Scheduled Castes and Schedule Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act 1989.
The preamble of the Act also states that the Act is:
"to prevent the commission of offences of atrocities against the members of Scheduled Castes and Tribes, to provide for Special Courts for the trial of such offences and for the relief and rehabilitation of the victims of such offences and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto".
Thus objectives of the Act clearly emphasised the intention of the government to deliver justice to these communities through proactive efforts to enable them to live in society with dignity and self-esteem and without fear or violence or suppression from the dominant castes. The practice of untouchability, in its overt and covert form was made a cognizable and non-compoundable offence, and strict punishment is provided for any such offence.
Explanation:
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