Why we add cryolite or fluorspar in alumina during Hall’s Heroults process?
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Molten cryolite is used as a solvent for aluminium oxide (Al2O3) in the Hall–Héroultprocess, used in the refining of aluminium. It decreases the melting point of molten (liquid state) aluminium oxide to 900-1000 °C from 2000-2500 °C. Thuscryolite makes the extraction of aluminium profitable.
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fluorspar and cryolite are added to alumina in order to increase the conductivity of the mixture and also to decrease the melting point of the mixture. Cryolite in its molten state also acts as a solvent for dissolving alumina.
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