Question

Why were ryots reluctant to grow Indigo?

Answer 1

The planters usually forced the ryots to sign a contract. Those who signed the contract got cash advances from the planters at low rates of interest to produce indigo. But the loan committed the ryot to cultivating indigo on at least 25% of the area under his holding. The planter provided the seed and the drill, while cultivators prepared the soil, sowed the seed and looked after the crop. When the crop was delivered to the planter after the harvest, the ryots got another new loan. In this way, they were trapped in the cycle of loan from which it was difficult to come out. Soon, they realised that this was a harsh system. They did hard labour day and night and got a very low price for the indigo they produced.

Other reason was that the planters usually pressurised the ryots to cultivate indigo on the best soils. But the ryots preferred to grow rice on these soils. Indigo had deep roots and it exhausted the soil rapidly. After an indigo harvest the land could not be used for rice  cultivation

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Answer 2

Answer:

• Under the ryoti system, the indigo planters forced the ryots to sign an agreement or contract.
• At times, the village headmen signed the contract on behalf of the ryots. Those who signed the contract got cash advances at low rates of interest to produce indigo.
• The loan committed the ryot to cultivate indigo on at least 25 per cent of the area under his holding.
• On delivering the crop to the planter, the ryot was given a new loan, and the cycle started again.
• The peasants realised that this system of growing indigo was in fact quite oppressive.
• The price that they got from the planters for the indigo was very low.
• The loans, though tempting at first, were part of a vicious cycle from which they could not escape.

• The planters insisted that the peasants cultivate indigo on the most fertile parts of their land, but the peasants preferred growing rice on the best soils.
• The reason for not wanting to grow indigo was that indigo, with its deep roots, exhausted the soil rapidly.

• So, after an indigo harvest, the land could not be used for sowing rice.