Question

Why were the 18 and 19 centuary western theorists influenced by the berneiers description of landonwership

Answer 1

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Bernier’s descriptions influenced Western theorists from the eighteenth century onwards.
(i) The French philosopher Montesquieu, for instance, used this account to develop the idea
of oriental despotism, according to which rulers in Asia (the Orient or the East) enjoyed
absolute authority over their subjects.
(ii) They were kept in conditions of subjugation and poverty, arguing that all land belonged
to the king and that private property was non-existent.
(iii) This idea was further developed as the concept of the Asiatic mode of production by Karl
Marx in the nineteenth century.
(iv) He argued that in India (and other Asian countries), before colonialism, surplus was
appropriated by the state.
(v) This led to the emergence of a society that was composed of a large number of
autonomous and (internally) egalitarian village communities.

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