Will the light speeds up or slows down as it exits the diamond and enters the air?
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Yes, as light travels through different materials it scatters off of the molecules in the material and is slowed down. The amount by which light slows in a given material is described by the index of refraction, n. The index of refraction of a material is defined by the speed of light in vacuum divided by the speed of light through the material.
For instance, diamond has an index of refraction 2.419, so light travels at:
1.239 x 10^8 m/s
For instance, diamond has an index of refraction 2.419, so light travels at:
1.239 x 10^8 m/s
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