Question

With reference to Human Genome Project, consider the following statements:
1. It was a publicly funded project initiated in 1990 to complete mapping and understanding of all the genes of all the species.
2. India had been the active participant of the project.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer 1

Answer:

b) 2only

hope it might help you

Answer 2

Option D - Neither 1 nor 2

■ Explanation :-

• Statement 1 is incorrect :- It was initiated to complete mapping and understanding of all the genes of only one species, Homo sapiens.

• Statement 2 is incorrect :- India didn’t participate in the project.

More Information

■ Genome Sequencing :-

• Human genome is made up of 23 chromosome pairs with a total of about 3 billion DNA base pairs. There are 24 distinct human chromosomes: 22 autosomal chromosomes, plus the sex-determining X and Y chromosomes.

• Genome sequencing is a method used to determine the precise order of DNA nucleotides, or bases -Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Thymine - that make up an organism’s DNA.

• These bases provide the underlying genetic basis for telling a cell what to do, where to go and what kind of cell to become.

• Nucleotides are not the only determinants of phenotypes, but are essential to their formation.

• Each individual and organism has a specific nucleotide base sequence.

■ Human Genome Project (HGP) :-

• It was the international, collaborative research program whose goal was the complete mapping and understanding of all the genes of human beings. All our genes together are known as our “genome”.

• It was a 13-year-long, publicly funded project initiated in 1990 coordinated by the National Institutes of Health and the U.S. Department of Energy.

• It helped to develop modern sequencing techniques, which have vastly improved the efficiency while reducing the costs of genomic research.

• It read the genetic ćode of just one species, Homo sapiens, between 1990 and 2003.

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