With reference to the chapter Understanding Marginalisation and Confronting
Marginalisation, Come up with a social work plan for marginalised communities
in our society.
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Answers
Answer:
If a community is marginalised, it means that it has been forced to occupy on the sides and peripheries and thus is not at the centre of things. Many times people belonging to different social communities feel excluded from the whole society. So, often, a person ends up feeling that he is ‘not with it’ – as if what you say, feel and think and how you act are not quite right or acceptable to others. The reason for this marginalisation could be that they belong to different cast or religion or speak different languages. Other reasons of getting marginalised could be ‘poor’ status, different religion, low caste, etc. Economic, social, cultural and political factors work together to make certain groups in the society feel marginalized
At times, these marginalised sections of society are treated with hostility and fear. Due to this, such sections do not have access to useful resources and are unable to take a stand in the society. They are also unable to assert their basic rights. Due to this, they are filled with a sense of powerlessness.
Since they are being marginalised, these groups are unable to take against those communities which are dominant, wealthy, politically powerful and own a land. Therefore, different spheres lead to marginalisation.
Adivasis
The term ‘Adivasi’ means ‘original inhabitants.’ These are the communities who have lived in forests or have been in association with the forests. They constitute approximately 8% of the Indian population. Few of the most important industrial centres and mining areas are located in the Adivasi areas. These areas are Rourkela, Bokaro, Jamshedpur, Bhilai, etc. India has more than 500 different Adivasi groups. They are not a homogenous population.
Adivasis are prominent in states such as Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, West Bengal, Arunanchal Padesh, Mizoram, Meghalaya, Assam, Nagaland, Manipur and Tripura. Odisha is home to more than 60 different tribal groups. Adivasi societies have very little hierarchy among Due to this, these societies are very distinctive. Due to this feature, they are radically different from those communities who believe in caste.
They practise their own tribal religions which is completely different from other religions prevalent in society such as Hinduism, Sikhism, Christianity, etc. They worship their ancestors, nature and village spirits, etc. They worship village spirits at sacred groves present in the villages or in homes. Several surrounding religions such as Vishnav, Sakhta, Bhakti, etc. Apart from that, the Adivasi religions have also influenced the prevailing religions that exist around them. These include Tantric & Shakti tradition in Assam & West Bengal, Puri’s Jagannath cult, etc. Meanwhile in the 19th century, several Adivasi communities have converted to Christianity – which has emerged as a very important religion in the modern Adivasi history.
Adivasis have their own languages. Few of these languages are as old as Sanskrit and have influenced several regional languages such as ‘Bengali.’ Among these Adivasi languages, Santhali is the most spoken one in India. It also has its own body of publications and online portals dedicated to it.
The Adivasis are also referred as tribals. The Government of India uses the term ‘Scheduled Tribe’ to refer to the Adivasis in their official documents. The government also has an official list of these tribes. They are often grouped together in categories with Scheduled Castes under the term ‘Scheduled Caste & Scheduled Tribes.’
Adivasi and Stereotyping
In India, the Adivasis are showcased in a particular way. During official events such as Republic Day or school programs or in movies – the Adivasis are portrayed as people with colourful costumes, headgears and having different dance forms. Apart from that, the common people are unaware of their lives. Due to this, they believe that the Adivasis are backward, exotic and primitive. Common people believe that the Adivasis are resistant to new changes or ideas. Due to this, these groups often lack advancements. If stereotyping against Adivasis continues, it also lead to discrimination.
Explanation:
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