Question

With reference to the sources of information about Jainism and Buddhism, state the significance of the following:
Angas

Tripitikas

Jatakas ​

Answer 1

Answer:

a) Angas(twelve angas): The twelve angas contain the rules for Jain monks and teachings of Jain Tirthankars or spritual Gurus. These works, written in Ardhamagadhi, are divided into many subparts or sections, such as Upangas, Prakirnas, Sutras and other texts.

b) Jatakas: The Jataka takes, written in Pali, deal with the previous births of Lord Buddha. They also throw light on political, economic and social conditions ranging from fifth to secondcentury BC. There are more than 550 such stories.

c) The Tripitakas: The tripitakas or three baskets are also written in Pali. These three books are as follows.

i. SUTTA PITAKA which contains the Buddist teachings and sayings of the Buddha. It tells about the origin of Universe too.

ii. ABHIDHAMMA PITAKA presents a philoshophical interpretation of the doctrines contained in the SUTTA PITAKA.

iii. VINAYA PITAKA contains rules for the guidance of the Buddhist monks and nuns. It gives list of sins and offences.

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Answer 2

Answer:

(a) Twelve Angas: A Jain Council (at Pataliputra) collected and compiled the teachings of Mahavira and Jain religious literature into twelve The twelve Angas contain the rules for Jain monks and teachings of Jain Tirthankars or spiritual Gurus. These works, written in Ardhamagadhi, are divided into many subsections or parts, such as Upangas, Prakimas, Sutras, and other texts.

(b) Tripitakas: The Tripitakas (three baskets) are also written in Pali. These three books are

1. Sutta Pitaka contains the Buddhist teachings and sayings of the Buddha. It tells about the origin of the Universe and the unnatural character of the caste system. The Buddhist ideas of karma, rebirth, and Nirvana are found in this book.

2. Abhidhamma Pitaka presents a philosophical interpretation of the doctrines contained in Sutta Pitaka. It is written mostly in the form of question and answer.

3. Vinaya Pitaka contains rules for the guidance of the Buddhist monks and nuns. It gives a list of sins and offenses likely to the committed by members of the Buddhist Sangh and the punishment they deserved.

(c) Jatakas: The Jataka tales, written in Pali, deal with the previous births of Lord Buddha. These tales also throw light on political, economic, and social conditions ranging from fifth to second century BC. There are more than 550 such stories.

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