With suitable example explain the great biodiversity of india?
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India is a recognized as one of the mega-diverse countries, rich in biodiversity and associated traditional knowledge.
India has 23.39% of its geographical area under forest and tree cover.
With just 2.4% of the land area, India accounts for nearly 7% of the recorded species even while supporting almost 18% of human population.
In terms of species richness, India ranks seventh in mammals, ninth in birds and fifth in reptiles.
In terms of endemism of vertebrate groups, India’s position is tenth in birds with 69 species, fifth in reptiles with 156 species and seventh in amphibians with 110 species.
India’s share of crops is 44% as compared to the world average of 11%.
India Represents
Two ‘Realms’
Five Biomes
Ten Bio-geographic Zones
Twenty five Bio-geographic provinces
Himalayan mountain system
The west Himalayas have low rainfall, heavy snowfall (temperate conditions), whereas in east Himalayas, there is heavy rainfall, snowfall only at very high altitudes, whereas at lower altitudes conditions are similar to the tropical rain forests. Flora and fauna of both Himalayas differ.
Himalayan foothills
Flora: Natural monsoon evergreen and semi-evergreen forests; dominant species are sal, silk-cotton trees, giant bamboos; tall grassy meadow with savannahs in terai.
Fauna: Includes big mammals of like elephant, sambar, swamp deer, cheetal, hog deer, barking deer, wild boar tiger, panther, hyena, black bear, sloth bear, Great Indian one-horned rhinoceros, wild buffalo, Gangetic gharial, golden langur.
India has 23.39% of its geographical area under forest and tree cover.
With just 2.4% of the land area, India accounts for nearly 7% of the recorded species even while supporting almost 18% of human population.
In terms of species richness, India ranks seventh in mammals, ninth in birds and fifth in reptiles.
In terms of endemism of vertebrate groups, India’s position is tenth in birds with 69 species, fifth in reptiles with 156 species and seventh in amphibians with 110 species.
India’s share of crops is 44% as compared to the world average of 11%.
India Represents
Two ‘Realms’
Five Biomes
Ten Bio-geographic Zones
Twenty five Bio-geographic provinces
Himalayan mountain system
The west Himalayas have low rainfall, heavy snowfall (temperate conditions), whereas in east Himalayas, there is heavy rainfall, snowfall only at very high altitudes, whereas at lower altitudes conditions are similar to the tropical rain forests. Flora and fauna of both Himalayas differ.
Himalayan foothills
Flora: Natural monsoon evergreen and semi-evergreen forests; dominant species are sal, silk-cotton trees, giant bamboos; tall grassy meadow with savannahs in terai.
Fauna: Includes big mammals of like elephant, sambar, swamp deer, cheetal, hog deer, barking deer, wild boar tiger, panther, hyena, black bear, sloth bear, Great Indian one-horned rhinoceros, wild buffalo, Gangetic gharial, golden langur.
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