Question

With the help of a flowchart/bullets show the filtration of blood in a nephron.​

Answer 1

Answer:

➞ The structural and functional unit of kidney is nephron.

➞ There are 2 types of nephrons:

• Cortical nephron : They posess a short Henle's loop. Their 1/3 rd part is found in the medulla while 2/3 rd occupy the cortex.

• Juxtamedullary nephron: They have a long Henle's loop. Their 1/3 rd part is located in the cortex, while 2/3rd is found in the medulla

➞ Parts of a nephron and how blood flows trough them:

• Bowman's capsule: It is a cup shaped double walled structure which consist of many capillaries called as the glomerulus.
• Glomerulus: The capillaries that enter the glomerulus are called afferent arteriole while those leaving it is called efferent arteriole.
• Proximal convulated tubule :  This part maintains pH and ionic balance of the body fluids. 70 - 80% of electrolytes and water are absorbed in this region.
• Henle's loop : It is a U shaped tube which maintains the osmolarity. It consist of the ascending limb and descending limb. The decending limp is permeable to water but impermeable to electrolytes where as the ascending limb is permeable to electrolytes but impermeable to water.
• Distal convoluted tubule : The reabsorption of Na⁺, H₂O. HCO₃⁻ takes place here.
• Collecting duct: The collecting duct is long and lined by epithelial cells. The collecting ducts of various nephrons join to form duct of bellini, which open into renal papilla.