Question

With the help of a neat and labelled diagram describe reflex arc

Answer 1

Reflex Arc Diagram

Reflex arc- The anatomical route which connect the components of reflex namely the receptor for the stimulus, the sensory neuron transmitting afferent impulses to the CNS, the control/integration center within the CNS, the motor neuron transmitting efferent impulses away from the CNS, and the effector which respond to the afferent impulses with the specific motor response of a particular reflex; these pathways control automatic unconscious programmed (hard-wired) responses to particular sensory stimuli.

1. Receptor - A receptor is specialized cell or group of nerve endings or a specialized organ which responds to sensory stimuli .They receive the stimulus from the surrounding

2. Sensory neuron or afferent neuron - A neuron, whose cell body generally is found in a peripheral ganglion such as a dorsal root ganglion, which conducts impulses representing information about an (external or internal) environmental change inwards to the brain or spinal cord.

3. Control center - Those cells on the central nervous system, which receive sensory information from the environment, process that information, and, if appropriate, generate motor commands to effectors’ organs in response to the stimulus from the environment.

4. Inter-neuron - A nerve cell found entirely within the central nervous system that acts as a link between sensory neurons and motor neurons or between other internal linking neurons and integrating or communicating or transmitting information between different parts of the CNS.

5. Motor neuron - A neuron that conveys impulses outward from the central nervous system to a muscle, gland, or other effector tissue that regulates the activity of the effector.

6. Effector - A muscle, gland, or other organ capable of responding to a stimulus which has been evaluated by a control center, mediated by a nerve impulse or a hormonal signal.
Diagram showing reflex arc

Answer 2

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