with the help of exampeles explan the different components of psychology definition
Answers
Explanation:
(a)mental processes:- it is an internal awareness of brain. mind emerges and evolves as our interactions and experiences in this world increases. example:- remembering, thinking, perceiving, feeling etc. (b)behaviours:- they are the responses or reactions we make or activities we indulge in.
Explanation:
Psychologists define psychology as the science of behaviour and mental/cognitive processes. Behaviour is generally defined as anything we do, especially if it can be observed as talking, eating, running, fighting, etc. Psychologists study the behaviour of people and animals in a variety of settings. On the other hand, they also study mental/cognitive processes, which include thinking, dreaming, remembering and problem-solving, etc. These cognitive activities are usually not directly observable and are often studies through reports provided by human research subjects. Psychologist often studies biological and physiological processes that accompany both behaviour and mental processes. for example, brain waves during dreaming and heart rate during emotion are studied in psychology. In general terms, we can say that Psychology is the study of what organisms (not just people of course) feel and how they think.
contents that are important to study in psychology
Motivation in Psychology
Sensation in Psychology
Perception in psychology
Emotion in Psychology
Memory in psychology
motivational psychology
The word motivation stems from the Latin word ”Mover” which means to excite. The motive is an inner force which urges man to move towards any goal. Motivation is a process of directing and maintaining a behaviour until the desired goal is achieved either biologically or psychologically. Some of the motives are essential for human survival while some are essential for sustaining a healthy, happy, and successful life.
Sensation – Psychology
Sensation occurs when we experience stimuli through our sensory organs. When we see, hear, taste, or feel something, the stimuli activate our sensory receptor cells and the nerve impulses travel through our nervous system to the sensory areas of the brain and then sensation occurs. Different types of stimuli activate different sense organs. The sensation of the stimulus differs in their intensity of energy that activates receptor cells of a human organ. Receptors are the sensory cells that are used to transport information from the sensory organs to the brain stimulated by the stimulus. The stimulus has the intensity to activate receptor cells and this intensity will later convert into neural codes in our sensory cells and travel to the brain. This process of converting intensity energy into neural codes are called Transduction.
3. Perception – Psychology
perception
The Perception
perception is the process of interpreting the information in the brain gathered by the process of sensation. The perception is determined by the condition of stimulus and characteristics of the perceiver. The condition of stimulus means physical energies of the stimulus and the characteristics of the perceiver mean the motives, attitudes, and personality of the perceiver. there are two factors of perception;
Objective factors/stimulus field
Subjective factors/characteristics of the perceive
Emotion – Psychology
We all know something about feelings and emotions through our own experiences. No one needs to be told that anger, fear, joy and hate are typical human emotions. We are also aware of the importance of such feelings in our behaviour. What we do is often motivated by our feelings. But what exactly is meant by the term ”emotion”?
The word ”emotion” is derived from the Latin word ”emovere”, which means to stir up, agitate or excite.
What is an emotion? there is no concise definition because emotion can be anything at once. First of all the way, we feel we’re emotional. Secondly, bodily or physiological patterns of emotional response, thirdly expression of verbal and non-verbal communication of emotions. Thus, we can use a general definition: Emotions are feeling that generally have both physiological and cognitive elements that influence behaviour.
Memory – Psychology
what is memory and why we remember certain things and forget others? Psychologist define memory as the capacity to record, retain and retrieve information. Without memory, learning would be impossible; people could not build on past experiences or adapt their knowledge to new situations.
The process of memory depends on three steps: recording (encoding), retaining (storage), and retrieval (recall). First, the information as gathered must be classified and arranged so that it can be stored. This is the process of encoding. second, information must produce some trace or other permanent or semi permanent change in the brain, which will remain until the information is needed. This is the process of storage. Storage may be long term or short term. Finally, when it is needed, the information must be retrieved. Retrieval is a process acting upon the stored trace that arouses a suitable behaviour flow based on the stored information. Here we have to discuss three processes of memory:
1. Recording or encoding (Learning)
2. Retaining or storage (Retention)
3. Retrieval (Recall and Recognition)