with the help of flow diagram show the process of obtaining a circuit in different gases from air is the boiling points of oxygen carbon and nitrogen are - 18 degree degree Celsius - 186 degree Celsius and -196 degree Celsius respectively which gas gets liquefied first as the air is cooled
Answers
Explanation:
Elements and Atoms: Chapter 14
Argon, a new element
Lord Rayleigh (1842-1919; see portrait photo in National Portrait Gallery, London), born John William Strutt, was a physicist well known for his work in acoustics and optics (the sciences of sound and light respectively). He received the Nobel Prize in physics in 1904 for his role in the discovery of argon. The story of that discovery is recounted here in the transcript of a lecture for interested laypersons at the Royal Institution of Great Britain, which Rayleigh directed.[1]
It is appropriate to consider the discovery of argon among papers about the periodic system, because the atomic weight of argon and its properties were such that there seemed no place for it in the periodic system of the time. [Giunta 2001] We will see the correct placement of argon and its family of elements proposed in the next chapter. Meanwhile Rayleigh's lecture provides a compelling example of careful scientific practice, tracking down a small anomaly to what proved to be an interesting and important discovery. [Giunta 1998]
Argon
Royal Institution Proceedings 14, 524-538 (1895)
It is some three or four years since I had the honour of lecturing here one Friday evening upon the densities of oxygen and hydrogen gases, and upon the conclusions that might be drawn from the results. It is not necessary, therefore, that I should trouble you to-night with any detail as to the method by which gases can be accurately weighed. I must take that as known, merely mentioning that it is substantially the same as is used by all investigators nowadays, and introduced more than fifty years ago by Regnault. It was not until after that lecture that I turned my attention to nitrogen[2]; and in the first instance I employed a method of preparing the gas which originated with Mr Vernon Harcourt, of Oxford. In this method the oxygen of ordinary atmospheric air is got rid of with the aid of ammonia. Air is bubbled through liquid ammonia, and then passed through a red-hot tube. In its passage the oxygen of the air combines with the hydrogen of the ammonia, all the oxygen being in that way burnt up and converted into water. The excess of ammonia is subsequently absorbed with acid, and the water by ordinary desiccating agents.[3] That method is very convenient; and, when I had obtained a few concordant results by means of it, I thought that the work was complete, and that the weight of nitrogen was satisfactorily determined.[4] But then I reflected that it is always advisable to employ more than one method, and that the method I had used--Mr Vernon Harcourt's method--was not that which had been used by any of those who had preceded me in weighing nitrogen.[5] The usual method consists in absorbing the oxygen of air by means of red-hot copper; and I thought that I ought at least to give that method a trial, fully expecting to obtain forthwith a value in harmony with that already afforded by the ammonia method.[6] The result, however, proved otherwise. The gas obtained by the copper method, as I may call it, proved to be one-thousandth part heavier than that obtained by the ammonia method; and, on repetition, that difference was only brought standard conditions in the globe employed.[13]
Explanation:
and oxygen gas gets liquefied first as the air is cooled
