Woman takes a long time to get salary
Answers
Answer:
Women’s median annual earnings stubbornly remain about 20 percent below men’s. Why is progress stalling?
It may come down to this troubling reality, new research suggests: Work done by women simply isn’t valued as highly.
That sounds like a truism, but the academic work behind it helps explain the pay gap’s persistence even as the factors long thought to cause it have disappeared. Women, for example, are now better educated than men, have nearly as much work experience and are equally likely to pursue many high-paying careers. No longer can the gap be dismissed with pat observations that women outnumber men in lower-paying jobs like teaching and social work.
A new study from researchers at Cornell University found that the difference between the occupations and industries in which men and women work has recently become the single largest cause of the gender pay gap, accounting for more than half of it. In fact, another study shows, when women enter fields in greater numbers, pay declines — for the very same jobs that more men were doing before.
Consider the discrepancies in jobs requiring similar education and responsibility, or similar skills, but divided by gender. The median earnings of information technology managers (mostly men) are 27 percent higher than human resources managers (mostly women), according to Bureau of Labor Statistics data. At the other end of the wage spectrum, janitors (usually men) earn 22 percent more than maids and housecleaners (usually women).
Once women start doing a job, “It just doesn’t look like it’s as important to the bottom line or requires as much skill,” said
Answer:
Concept:
According to Mary Chinery-Hesse, ILO Deputy Director-General and head of the ILO delegation to the Fourth World Conference on Women, "Women's advancement in the workforce over the previous 10 years has not meant better access to quality jobs or brought an end to discrimination" (Beijing, September 4-15). Despite progress in several sectors, women still only make on average two-thirds of what men do, and they are frequently excluded from chances that lead to the greatest employment.
Explanation:
According to the ILO, women's salaries range from 50% to 96% of men's, depending on the nation (see table). Other patterns show the enduring nature of the challenges faced by women in the workplace:
- In developing nations, a large portion of women's employment is in the unorganized sector. The advantages of full-time employment in the formal sector, such as consistent pay, acceptable workplace health and safety conditions, job stability, and social protection, are not offered by these jobs.
- There is little evidence that the situation will improve any time soon in the absence of legislative initiatives to increase women's earning potential and work prospects.
Women primarily work part-time occupations because they are unable to acquire full-time employment. The other key considerations are child care and work at home.
- Women's occupations, whether part-time or full-time, are frequently the least secure. According to Ms. Chinery-Hesse, "Women still tend to be the last to be hired and the first to be fired."
- Statistics completely understate how much work women do for no pay at all. When work at home is included, women worldwide put in far more hours than males. According to Ms., "The work that many societies require women to do without payment amounts to an additional tax on women."
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