Question

women empowerment points for debate

Answer 1

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Answer 2

Need for women empowerment :-

Even in this 21st century, gender inequality still exists.
There are so many women, who are silently baring the harassment from their life partners and others because of the lack of education, lack of legal awareness and lack of empowerment.
When women are empowered, whole society benefits, because women constitute half of the society.
Educating women about health care promotes healthier families.
Even though women works 24/7 to raise their children and to maintain their families, they are not getting enough recognition for house chores and home maintenance. As this work is unpaid, women who choose to be home makers are not considered as working persons in Indian economy. Due to this, their self esteem tend to be low.
Challenges :-

Female Foeticide.
Dowry.
Restriction on widow remarriage.
Gender Bias.
Neglect during childhood.
Childhood marriages.
Gender specific specialization at work.
Cultural definition of appropriate gender roles.
Belief in the inherent superiority of males.
Families are considered as a private sphere and stays under male control.
Limited access to cash and credit.
Limited employment opportunities.
Limited access to education.
Female infanticide.
Poverty effects women more than men.
India’s maternal mortality is highest in South Asia.
Domestic violence.
Crimes against women.
Honor killings – Family honor is associated with women in general, which is an extra burden on women.
Trafficking of women.
Lack of awareness about government schemes.
Still, status of women in India is inferior to status of men.
Provisions in Indian constitution for women empowerment :-

Article 14 – Equality before law – Provides equal legal protection for women.
Article 15(3) – Special provisions for women.
Article 16 – Equal opportunities for all citizens in public employment irrespective of caste, sex, religion.
Article 23 – Prohibits traffic in human beings & forced labour.
Article 39 – The citizen, men & women equally have the right to an adequate means of livelihood.
Article 40 – 1/3 rd of seats in panchayats shall be reserved for women.
Article 42 – State shall make provisions for just and humane working conditions & maternity relief.
Article 44 – Uniform civil code for the citizens throughout the territory of India to safeguard women from laws of religion.
Article 51 A (e) – One of the duties of every citizen is to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of woman.
Government Acts for women empowerment :-

Section 14 of the Hindu Succession Act 1956 – Property of a female Hindu to be her absolute property.
Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act 2005 – Women get equal share in the ancestral property.
Dowry prohibition Act, 1961.
Contract Labor Act, 1970 & Factories Act, 1948 – Women can’t be employed in the night between 9pm to 6am. – Women cannot be required to work for more than 9hrs.
Equal remuneration Act, 1976.
The indecent representation of women (prohibition) Act, 1986.
Commission of Sati (Prevention) Act, 1987.
Protection of women from domestic violence Act, 2005.
Maternity Benefits Act, 1961.
Child marriage (prohibition) Act, 1929.
Hindu marriage Act, 1955 – This act was passed to stop polygamy and bigamy.
Government Schemes and Programs to empower women :-

Beti Bachao Beti Padhao :- To eliminate female foeticide and to promote education for girl children.