Work energy theorem states that the change in kinetic energy of an object is equal to the net work done on it by the net force.
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Kinetic Energy and Work-Energy Theorem
The work-energy theorem states that the work done by all forces acting on a particle equals the change in the particle’s kinetic energy.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Outline the derivation of the work-energy theorem
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Key Points
The work W done by the net force on a particle equals the change in the particle’s kinetic energy KE:
W
=
Δ
KE
=
1
2
mv
2
f
−
1
2
mv
2
i
W
=
Δ
KE
=
1
2
mv
f
2
−
1
2
mv
i
2
.
The work-energy theorem can be derived from Newton’s second law.
Work transfers energy from one place to another or one form to another. In more general systems than the particle system mentioned here, work can change the potential energy of a mechanical device, the heat energy in a thermal system, or the electrical energy in an electrical device.
Key Terms
torque: A rotational or twisting effect of a force; (SI unit newton-meter or Nm; imperial unit foot-pound or ft-lb)
The Work-Energy Theorem
The principle of work and kinetic energy (also known as the work-energy theorem) states that the work done by the sum of all forces acting on a particle equals the change in the kinetic energy of the particle. This definition can be extended to rigid bodies by defining the work of the torque and rotational kinetic energy.
image
Kinetic Energy: A force does work on the block. The kinetic energy of the block increases as a result by the amount of work. This relationship is generalized in the work-energy theorem.
The work W done by the net force on a particle equals the change in the particle’s kinetic energy KE:
W
=
Δ
KE
=
1
2
mv
2
f
−
1
2
mv
2
i
W
=
Δ
KE
=
1
2
mv
f
2
−
1
2
mv
i
2
where vi and vf are the speeds of the particle before and after the application of force, and m is the particle’s mass.
The work-energy theorem states that the work done by all forces acting on a particle equals the change in the particle’s kinetic energy.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Outline the derivation of the work-energy theorem
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Key Points
The work W done by the net force on a particle equals the change in the particle’s kinetic energy KE:
W
=
Δ
KE
=
1
2
mv
2
f
−
1
2
mv
2
i
W
=
Δ
KE
=
1
2
mv
f
2
−
1
2
mv
i
2
.
The work-energy theorem can be derived from Newton’s second law.
Work transfers energy from one place to another or one form to another. In more general systems than the particle system mentioned here, work can change the potential energy of a mechanical device, the heat energy in a thermal system, or the electrical energy in an electrical device.
Key Terms
torque: A rotational or twisting effect of a force; (SI unit newton-meter or Nm; imperial unit foot-pound or ft-lb)
The Work-Energy Theorem
The principle of work and kinetic energy (also known as the work-energy theorem) states that the work done by the sum of all forces acting on a particle equals the change in the kinetic energy of the particle. This definition can be extended to rigid bodies by defining the work of the torque and rotational kinetic energy.
image
Kinetic Energy: A force does work on the block. The kinetic energy of the block increases as a result by the amount of work. This relationship is generalized in the work-energy theorem.
The work W done by the net force on a particle equals the change in the particle’s kinetic energy KE:
W
=
Δ
KE
=
1
2
mv
2
f
−
1
2
mv
2
i
W
=
Δ
KE
=
1
2
mv
f
2
−
1
2
mv
i
2
where vi and vf are the speeds of the particle before and after the application of force, and m is the particle’s mass.
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