Question

work out the reasons for, why the period between 1830-1848 is refered as "the age of Revolution '. describe all the important events during this phase and put forward your views How these events were the reason for the formation of several Nation state? ​

Answer 1

There was a great deal of turmoil and conflict in Europe between 1830 and 1848. Two philosophies, liberalism and conservatism, had rapidly risen in Europe. Liberal nationalists/educated middle class plotted strategies to abolish the monarchy and establish the people 's government. Thus in Italy, Germany , Poland, Turkey and Ireland, Europe saw a series of revolutions.

Explanation:

• A number of revolutions took place between 1830 and 1848, as many monarchical and despotic regimes had been re-established in Europe after the Conservative reaction in 1815.
• The inhabitants of Europe had therefore already instilled the ideals of republicanism, nationalism and democracy. This resulted in a significant change in nationalist ambitions within the multi-ethnic and multi-lingual states of Europe.   Many nations have started to claim constitutional rule in their own governments. Between 1830 and 1848, this led to many uprisings against the monarchical and conservative rule in Europe.
• In the 19th century, nationalism began to emerge as a movement that brought drastic changes to the European political landscape. Such transformations ultimately resulted in a nation-state replacing Europe's multi-national monarchy empires. It was a nation state that developed a sense of national identity and shared past or family roots among the majority of its population and not just its rulers.
• The first rebellion took place in France in July 1830. The Kings of Bourbon, who were returned to power after 1815 as a result of the Conservative backlash, had now been expelled by progressive revolutionaries who had set up Louis Philip at the head of the new kingdom.
• The Greek War of Independence began in 1821. Nationalists in Greece have gained support from other displaced Greeks and also from several Western Europeans with sympathy for ancient Greek civilization. Finally, in 1832, after the Treaty of Constantinople recognised Greece as one, Greece obtained its independence.
• Johann Gottfried Herder of "German Romantic Philosophy" emphasised that authentic German cultures are conventional folklore and folk art. Throughout Poland, through music & literature, nationalist feelings have remained alive.

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