working of electric generator. and electric motor...... .... explain in detail
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Answers
An electric motor coverts electrical energy into mechanical energy. It works on a principle that when a rectangular coil is placed in a magnetic feild and current is passed through it a force acts 9n coil which rotates it continously
An electric generator is a device which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. It works on a principle that when a straight conductor is moved in a magnetic feild then current is induced in the conductor.
For diagram refer NCERT book (pg.no. 232 fig. 13.15)
Working of Electric Motor:
An Electric motor consist of a rectangular coil ABCD. The coil is placed between the poles such that the arm AB and CD are perpendicular in direction of magnetic field. The ends of coil are connected to the split rings.
Current in coil from battery. Then, the current moves from A to B and C to D (that is, opposite to AB). Apply Fleming's left hand rule for the direction of force. The force in AB pushes downward and in CD pushes upwards. Therefore, it rotates in anti-clockwise motion. After half rotation the direction of current reverses and the force also reverses. This process repeats for every half rotation and the axle rotates.
For diagram refer NCERT book (pg.no.236 fig. 13.19)
Working of Electric Generator:
There is only a small change in construction of Generator. (Others similar to motor). Slip rings are rotated instead of split rings. It is attached to galvanometer.
The axle is rotated mechanically. Now AB moves up and CD down. When the axle is rotated in clockwise motion, after half rotation CD moves up and Ab down. When this rotation cuts the magnetic field lines, current is induced. Apply Fleming's right hand rule, to find the direction of current.
Hope it helps!!