Question

Writ a short biography on leo Tolstoy about 200words

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

Leo Tolstoy was one of the greatest novelists in the history of world literature. He was also a prolific writer, a teacher, a soldier and a political and religious thinker. In his youth, however, Tolstoy had fallen into the depths of debauchery and subsequently, into deep depression. From the spiritual crisis that he underwent thereafter, Leo Tolstoy rose to become one of the greatest philosophers of all time.Leo Tolstoy lived a long life and was also Russia’s most controversial public figure. He primarily wrote novels and short stories, and in his later life, plays and essays. His extreme views on morality and asceticism in the latter period of his life made him a well-known moral thinker and social reformer. The biggest discovery of Leo Tolstoy was the profound truth of faith

Leo Tolstoy’s ideas on non-violent resistance to evil, expressed in his beautiful work, ‘The Kingdom of God Is Within You’ have had a profound impact on important luminaries of the twentieth century, like Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr. From a person who as per his own ‘Confession’ indulged in all kinds of violence and crime, Tolstoy searched for the eternal meaning to life and became a religious and moral philosopher.

In one of his other famous works ‘War and Peace’, Leo Tolstoy has said:

“In historical events great men – so-called – are but labels serving to give a name to the event, and like labels they have the least possible connection with the event itself. Every action of theirs, that seems to them an act of their own free will, is in an historical sense not free at all, but in bondage to the whole course of previous history, and predestined from all eternity

Answer 2

Tolstoy was born in 1828 to a wealthy family who resided just outside of Moscow. After his mother died in 1830 and his father in 1837, Tolstoy's upbringing and education fell into the hands of relatives, who hired private tutors for him. In 1844 he entered Kazan University, but failed to earn a degree. He returned to the family estate, Yasnaya Polyana, in 1847 to manage the affairs there. Dissatisfied, Tolstoy joined the army in 1851, seeing active service in the Caucasus and in the siege of Sevastopol during the Crimean War, which he later wrote about in his Sevastopolskiye rasskazy (Sevastopol Sketches). While in the army, Tolstoy began to write and publish fiction, which met with much success. He left the army in 1856 and traveled through Europe before returning to Yasnaya Polyana, where he lived for the rest of his life. At this point, he became interested in social reform, focusing his efforts on educational and philanthropic work with the peasants around his estate. In 1862 he married Sonya Andreyevna Behrs, and began working on his two greatest works, War and Peace and Anna Karenina. Beginning around 1875, Tolstoy was plagued by depression and an obsession with death that lasted until his final spiritual crisis-a "conversion" to the orthodoxy of his youth-in 1878. Concentrating for the next several years on intensive study of theology and the Christian scriptures, Tolstoy developed his own interpretation of Christianity based on an ethical foundation of universal love and brotherhood, which eventually led to his renunciation of the aristocratic lifestyle. Rather than enter the secluded monastic life he admired, Tolstoy chose to remain at his estate and devote himself to public service, wearing peasants' clothing, doing manual labor, and practicing a strict regimen of pacifism, vegetarianism, and sexual abstinence. He turned away from writing the kind of novels that had won him worldwide fame and concentrated instead on writing philosophical and religious works, many designed to educate the masses. While several of Tolstoy's thirteen children sympathized with him, his spiritual rigor created tension in the family, especially with his wife. Government harassment and excommunication from the Russian Orthodox Church in 1901 increased tensions in the family, and Tolstoy found that by 1905 his stance of pacifism and nonresistance were running counter to the realities of poverty and government-sanctioned slaughter of early Russian revolutionaries, many of them strongly influenced by Tolstoy's own banned writings. Beset by family problems, and overwhelmed by the responsibility of upholding his teachings in the face of massive social upheaval, Tolstoy fled from his home in 1910, dying in a railway station in Astapovo.

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