Write 10 10 points on unification of germany and italy as per class 10
Answers
Unification of Germany:
The newly emerged middle class in Germany in 1848 tried to unite several German kingdoms which were suppressed by monarchies and large landowners into one nation state governed by an elected body.
Prussia, a German kingdom, took the leadership in uniting various German states. Otto von Bismarck, the Chief Minister of Prussia, aimed to achieve the goal of unification with the help of the Prussian army and the bureaucracy.
Spread over seven years, the Prussian army with the help of the Austrian, French and Danish armies fought three wars and successfully incorporated all the small German kingdoms. This marked the process of completion of German unification.
The German unification was completed in 1871 and in the same year William I was declared as the emperor of Germany at the Palace of Versailles.
The process of the unification of Germany exhibited the power of the Prussian state. Many new reforms were initiated in banking, currency, administration and judiciary in Germany
NATIONALIST feelings were widespread among middle class Germans who tried to unite the different regions of the German confederation into a National state governed by an elected Parliament.
Liberal initiative to nation building was repressed by the combined forces of the monarchy and the militaiy.
Prussia took on the leadership of the movement for national unification. Its Chief Minister, Mr. Otto Von Bismarck was the architect of this process, which carried out with the help of the Prussian army and bureaucracy.
Three wars over seven years ended in Prussian victory and completed the process of unification.
In January 1871, the Prussian King, William-I, was proclaimed German emperor in a ceremony held at Versailles.
unification of Italy
The process of unification of ITALY was the work of 3 main leaders, Giuseppe Garibaldi, Count Cavour, and Victory Emmanuel II .
2) Italy was divided into 7 states in which only Sardinia-Piedmont was the only region ruled by a Italian Princely house.
3) The northern Region was ruled by Austrian-Habsburg dynasty, The central was ruled by Popes by France and the Southern region by the Bourbon kings of Spain.
4) The unification of Italy started with the secret societies formed by Mazzini like the Young Italy and the Young Europe.
5) Count Cavour with his tack full diplomacy with France defeated the Austrians and freed the northern Italy.
6) Garibaldi with his armed volunteers called red shirts defeated the Bourbon kings of Spain freeing the kingdom of 2 sicilies.
7) Victory Emmanuel the 2nd defeated the popes of France and freeing the southern region and completing the unification of Italy and he was proclaimed the emperor of united Italy.
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