Question

Write 2 example of collecting data by census and sample method

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

Data Collection in Statistics

In Statistics, the basis of all statistical calculation or interpretation lies in the collection of data. There are numerous methods of data collection. In this lesson, we shall focus on two primary methods and understand the difference between them. Both are suitable in different cases and the knowledge of these methods is important to understand when to apply which method. These two methods are Census method and Sampling method.

Census Method

Census Literacy Rate Map

Census method is that method of statistical enumeration where all members of the population are studied. A population refers to the set of all observations under concern. For example, if you want to carry out a survey to find out student’s feedback about the facilities of your school, all the students of your school would form a part of the ‘population’ for your study.

At a more realistic level, a country wants to maintain information and records about all households. It can collect this information by surveying all households in the country using the census method.

In our country, the Government conducts the Census of India every ten years. The Census appropriates information from households regarding their incomes, the earning members, the total number of children, members of the family, etc. This method must take into account all the units. It cannot leave out anyone in collecting data. Once collected, the Census of India reveals demographic information such as birth rates, death rates, total population, population growth rate of our country, etc. The last census was conducted in the year 2011.

Sampling Method

Like we have studied, the population contains units with some similar characteristics on the basis of which they are grouped together for the study. In case of the Census of India, for example, the common characteristic was that all units are Indian nationals. But it is not always practical to collect information from all the units of the population.

It is a time-consuming and costly method. Thus, an easy way out would be to collect information from some representative group from the population and then make observations accordingly. This representative group which contains some units from the whole population is called the sample.