Question

.Write 3 reasons which led to the decline of Harapan or indus valiey Civilization?​

Answer 1

Answer:

According to class 6, what were the reasons for the decline of the Harappan Civilization?

The Harappan Civilization declined sometime around 1800B.C. Some of the likely causes for the decline are the following-:

Floods and Earthquakes -It is held by some scholars that floods in Mohenjo- Daro led to the abandonment of this settlement.They have inferred this form the fact that the houses and streets at Mohenjo-Daro were covered with silty clay left by the flood waters which had submerged the streets and houses.The people of Mohenjo=daro again built up houses and streets on top of the debris of the previous buildings,after the floods would have receded.But a time came when the impoverished Harappans at Mohenjo-daro could not take it any more and simply abandoned the settlement.According to a famous hydrologist,R.L Raikes,such flooding could not be the result of normal flooding of the Indus river.Earthquakes might have raised the level of the flood plains of the Indus river.This uplift of the plain of the Indus might have blocked the passage of the river to the sea and the rising level of water led to the inudation of the hinterland of Mohenjo-daro.

Increased Aridity-According to the renowned historian,D.P Agarwal and Sood,the Harappan civilization declined because of increasing aridity in the area and drying up of the river Ghaggar. Sutlej and Yamuna used to be the tributaries of the river Ghaggar and because of some tectonic disturbances ,the Sutlej stream was captured by the Indus and Yamuna shifted east to join the Ganges,this change left the Ghaggar waterless. The ecological disturbances caused by the disturbances caused by the increased aridity and shift in the drainage pattern led to the decline of of the Harappan civilization.

Deforestation-Since Indus valley civilization was a bronze age culture ,enormous quantitites of wood was needed to produce jewelry,bake bricks ,pottery,stoneware and to make boats and furniture.This could have led to Deforestation leading to climate change.

Attack-Some historians ike Mortimer Wheeler believed that eh invasion of Aryans could have led to the decline.This is evident from the skeletons of 13 males and females and one child were found lying in a room.

Hope my answer helped…..!