Question

Write 5 factors influencing movement of air

Answer 1

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Three of the major factors that affect wind are pressure gradients, the rotation of the planet, and friction. Wind is ultimately caused by atmospheric pressure gradients.

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Answer 2

Answer:

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The horizontal movement of air on the surface of the earth is wind. winds are caused by the uneven heating of the earth's surface. The vertical movement of air is called air current.

The factors which affects the movement of air are –

• Pressure gradient
• Coriolis effect
• Friction
• Temperature
• Mountains

• Pressure gradient : The rate of change of pressure per unit distance is called pressure gradient. And the force which is apples by the pressure gradient to drive the winds is known as gradient force. This means greater the difference in the pressure between two regions, faster is speed.

• Coriolis effect : Due to the rotation of the earth, the winds cannot flow straight and gets deflected. This is known as Coriolis effect. It changes the direction of the wind. The amount of deflection increases towards the poles, thus at the equator there is no deflection.

• Friction : Friction retarded the velocity of wind. Smooth and vast surfaces offers least friction, but irregular and forest areas offers friction, and change the direction and velocity of the wind.

• Temperature : Temperature also affects the movement of winds. As the winds are only created by the irregular heating of land surfaces. Winds blow at a high speed in cool areas, whereas it blows in a slow speed I'm warm and hot areas. The speed limit decreases in hot and warm areas.

• Mountain : Mountains act as a barrier against the winds, and retards the velocity of the winds which blows. It changes the direction of the wind.

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More Information

Types of winds :

There are three types of winds. They are –

• Periodic winds – Winds which change their direction either daily or seasonally. They show a reversal in the wind direction.
• Permanent winds – Winds which blows over small area regions and are generated due to the local temperature difference. They are permanent, which means they are not the reversal.
• Variable winds – These winds influence weather over short duration like a week.

Pressure belts :

There are four pressure belts in the world, which are–

• Equatorial low pressure belt
• Sub-tropical high pressure belt
• Sub-polar low pressure belt
• Polar high pressure belt