Question

Write 6 types of natural forests ,its area,its charectaristics (3points) and its wildlife​

Answer 1

Explanation:

a) Coniferous Forests grow in the Himalayan mountain region, where the temperatures are low. These forests have tall stately trees with needlelike leaves and downward sloping branches so that the snow can slip off the branches. They have cones instead of seeds and are called Gymnosperms.

b) Broadleaved Forests have several types, such as evergreen forests, deciduous forests, thorn forests, and mangrove forests. Broadleaved forests have large leaves of various shapes.

c) Evergreen Forests grow in the high rainfall areas of the Western Ghats, North-Eastern India, and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. These forests grow in areas where the monsoon lasts for several months.

d) Wet Evergreen

Wet evergreen forests are found in the south along the Western Ghats and the Nicobar and Andaman Islands and all along the north-eastern region. It is characterized by tall, straight evergreen trees that have a buttressed trunk or root on three sides like a tripod that helps to keep a tree upright during a storm. These trees often rise to a great height before they open out like a cauliflower.

The more common trees that are found here are the jackfruit, betel nut palm, Jamun, Mango, and Hollock.

e) Semi-Evergreen

Semi-evergreen forests are found in the Western Ghats, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the Eastern Himalayas. Such forests have a mixture of the wet evergreen trees and the moist deciduous trees. The forest is dense and is filled with a large variety of trees of both types.

f) Deciduous Forests are found in regions with a moderate amount of seasonal rainfall that lasts for only a few months. Most of the forests in which Teak trees grow are of this type. The deciduous trees shed their leaves during the winter and hot summer months.

g) Thorn Forests are found in the semi-arid regions of India. The trees, which are sparsely distributed, are surrounded by open grassy areas. Thorny plants are called Xerophytic species and are able to conserve water. Thorn forest trees have long or fibrous roots to reach water at great depths.

h) Mangrove Forests grow along the coast, especially in the river deltas. These plants are able to grow in a mix of saline and freshwater. They grow luxuriantly in muddy areas covered with silt that the rivers have brought down. The mangrove trees have breathing roots that emerge from the mud banks.

Answer 2

Tropical evergreen forests

The evergreen forests are essential in not only promoting greenery on the planet, but they are also useful in the continual survival of animals and plants in the forest ecosystem. The trees are evergreen as there is no period of drought. They are mostly tall and hardwood.

Moose.

Reindeer.

Caribou.

Elk.

Beaver.

Squirrel.

Mountain Hare.

Bears.

Are some animals found in these forests

Deciduous or Monsoon Type of Forests

Tropical deciduous forests are also called the “Monsoon forests”. Long dry season of summer leads these forests to shed their leaves in order to prevent evaporation. Period of shedding the leaves varies for each species of trees. Hence, all the trees do not shed leaves at one and the same time.

Tropical deciduous forests are grown in the areas with annual rainfall of 70-200 cm. Sandal wood, Shisam, Mahua, Sal, Teak and Bamboo are important species of trees. They are famous for their economic importance. They supply timber for use in various activities.

Mammals that are generally found in a deciduous forest include bears, raccoons, squirrels, skunks, wood mice and even deer.

Dry Deciduous Forests and Scrubs

These forests are found in the rainier parts of the peninsular plateau and the plains of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.

A large part of this region has been cleared for cultivation and some parts are used for grazing.

Common animals found are lion, tiger , pig, deer and elephant. Variety of birds, lizards, snakes, and tortoises are also found here.

Semi Desert and Desert Vegetation

In regions with less than 70 cm of rainfall, the natural vegetation consists of thorny trees and bushes.

Found in the north­western part of the country including semi­arid areas of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh and Haryana.

Trees are scattered and have long roots penetrating deep into the soil in order to get moisture.

The stems are succulent to conserve water.

Leaves are mostly thick and small to minimize evaporation

Tidal or Mangrove Forests

Found in the areas of coasts influenced by tides.

Dense mangroves are the common varieties with roots of the plants submerged under water.

The deltas of the Ganga, the Mahanadi, the Krishna, the Godavari and the Kaveri are covered by such vegetation.

Turtles, crocodiles, gharials and snakes are also found in these forests.

Mountain forests

Mountain forests can be defined as forests on land with an elevation of 2 500 m above sea level or higher, irrespective of slope, or on land

with an elevation of 300–2 500 m and a slope with sharp changes in elevation within a short distance.

Mountain forests cover about 900 million hectares of the world’s land surface, constituting 20 percent of the world’s forest cover. They are

hotspots of biodiversity and provide important environmental services far beyond the mountains themselves. Mountain forests exist on

every continent (except Antarctica) and in every climatic zone. Mountain forests cover large proportions of (for example) the Alps, Pyrenees  etc.

Animals such as elk, moose, mule deer, white-tailed deer, pronghorn, mountain goat, bighorn sheep, black bear, grey wolf, etc. are found in the mountain ecosystem.

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