Write a article on journey of maths?
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Explain the journey of maths in a drawing sheet by using diagrams, formulas and symbols upto class 10th.
[ Note :- Journey of maths means what you have learnt from class 1st to Class 10th ]
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Answers
The area of study known as the history of mathematics is primarily an investigation into the origin of discoveries in mathematics and, to a lesser extent, an investigation into the mathematical methods and notation of the past. Before the modern age and the worldwide spread of knowledge, written examples of new mathematical developments have come to light only in a few locales. From 3000 BC the Mesopotamian states of Sumer, Akkad and Assyria, together with Ancient Egypt and Ebla began using arithmetic, algebra and geometry for purposes of taxation, commerce, trade and also in the patterns in nature, the field of astronomy and to record time and formulate calendars.
The most ancient mathematical texts available are from Mesopotamia and Egypt – Plimpton 322 (Babylonian c. 1900 BC),[2] the Rhind Mathematical Papyrus (Egyptian c. 2000–1800 BC)[3] and the Moscow Mathematical Papyrus (Egyptian c. 1890 BC). All of these texts mention the so-called Pythagorean triples, so, by inference, the Pythagorean theorem seems to be the most ancient and widespread mathematical development after basic arithmetic and geometry.
The study of mathematics as a "demonstrative discipline" begins in the 6th century BC with the Pythagoreans, who coined the term "mathematics" from the ancient Greek μάθημα (mathema), meaning "subject of instruction".[4] Greek mathematics greatly refined the methods (especially through the introduction of deductive reasoning and mathematical rigor in proofs) and expanded the subject matter of mathematics.[5] Although they made virtually no contributions to theoretical mathematics, the ancient Romans used applied mathematics in surveying, structural engineering, mechanical engineering, bookkeeping, creation of lunar and solar calendars, and even arts and crafts. Chinese mathematics made early contributions, including a place value system and the first use of negative numbers.[6][7] The Hindu–Arabic numeral system and the rules for the use of its operations, in use throughout the world today evolved over the course of the first millennium AD in India and were transmitted to the Western world via Islamic mathematics through the work of Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī.[8][9] Islamic mathematics, in turn, developed and expanded the mathematics known to these civilizations.[10] Contemporaneous with but independent of these traditions were the mathematics developed by the Maya civilization of Mexico and Central America, where the concept of zero was given a standard symbol in Maya numerals.
Many Greek and Arabic texts on mathematics were translated into Latin from the 12th century onward, leading to further development of mathematics in Medieval Europe. From ancient times through the Middle Ages, periods of mathematical discovery were often followed by centuries of stagnation. Beginning in Renaissance Italy in the 15th century, new mathematical developments, interacting with new scientific discoveries, were made at an increasing pace that continues through the present day. This includes the groundbreaking work of both Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in the development of infinitesimal calculus during the course of the 17th century. At the end of the 19th century the International Congress of Mathematicians was founded and continues to spearhead advances in the field.
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Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
Sumerian and Babylonian were perhaps the first people to assign symbols to represent sheaves of wheat, dates, jars of oil, etc. The Babylonians also developed another revolutionary mathematical concept, something else that the Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans did not have a circle character for zero. The Babylonians used geometric shapes in their buildings and design and in dice used to play leisure games which were so popular in their society. Their geometry extended to the calculation of the areas of rectangles, triangles, and trapezoids, as well as the volumes of simple shapes such as bricks and cylinders.
Despite many advancements in Babylonian and Chinese mathematics, Indian Mathematics also made great discoveries in advanced mathematics. Mantras of the early Vedic period (before 1000BC discovered the evidence of the use of addition, subtraction, multiplication, cubes and roots, decimals fractions. 4th Century Sanskrit books enumerate Buddha depicting about power system to demonstrate the size of an atom, which comes remarkably close to the actual size of a carbon atom (about 70 trillionths of a meter).
Evidence depicts that the famous Pythagoras theorem was known to ancient India as early as the 8th Century BCE through "Sulba Sutras" through simplified statements. The Indians were hugely responsible for the earliest recorded usage of a circle character for the number zero which is evident in the engravings in a temple in Gwalior around the 9th Century. This brilliant discovery led to the usage of zero for a blank or empty place, bringing about a revolution in the field of calculation and mathematical investigations.
Brahmagupta established the basic mathematical rules for dealing with zero: 1 + 0 = 1; 1 - 0 = 1; and 1 x 0 = 0 (the breakthrough which would make sense of the apparently non-sensical operation 1 ÷ 0 would also fall to an Indian). Brahmagupta also established the rules for dealing with negative numbers, and pointed out that quadratic equations could, in theory, have two possible solutions, one of which could be negative, and he even attempted to write down these rather abstract concepts, using the initials of the names of colors to represent unknowns in his equations, one of the earliest intimations of what we now know as algebra.
5th to the 12th Century is the golden age of discoveries in mathematics in India and has not been given due acknowledgment until recently. Although Greeks used trigonometric for the construction of pyramids, Indian astronomers were able to calculate the sine function through a text called Surya Siddhanta dated as early as 400 CE used for measuring the distance of planets and celestial bodies. Aryabhata also demonstrated solutions to simultaneous quadratic equations and produced an approximation for the value of π equivalent to 3.1416, correct to four decimal places.
The Kerala School of Astronomy and Mathematics was founded in the late 14th Century by Madhava of Sangamagrama, sometimes called the greatest mathematician-astronomer of medieval India. Some of his contributions to geometry and algebra and his early forms of differentiation and integration for simple functions may have been transmitted to Europe via Jesuit missionaries, and it is possible that the later European development of calculus was influenced by his work to some extent.
Though we are not able to understand all the discoveries of mathematics some of the civilization's most prized and proud achievements are wholly reliant on Mathematics. Planes flying seamlessly through the air, high availability of complex medicines, even the computer you are using now – all of these increasingly vital commodities rely on the use and study of numbers. If you are to stop and think just for a few minutes, it becomes inescapably clear that mathematics is pretty well inseparable from life as we know it.
Mathematics is a reasonably neutral subject or call it as Mother of All Subjects, therefore it can easily be combined with any subject. Mathematics & History, Mathematics & English, Mathematics & Spanish or Mathematics & Music are a few of the increasingly broad range of Mathematics based courses available. This rich selection of study areas shows that a Mathematics degree does not have to be purely numerical, but can involve the area of Arts to offer literary, musical or scientific nourishment.
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