Write a big eassy on poor water management in india
Answers
These spatial and temporal variations in water resources availability pose great challenges for storing and regulating the use of the water resources in the country. There is a wide gap between the potential created and the utilization, i.e., more than 10 M ha at any point of time.
At present, the need of the hour is not only the development of water resources, but also their efficient management in a sustainable manner. The approach of integrated water management to meet the demand of water for agricultural use, drinking and industrial needs, were discussed below:
1. Interlinking of rivers
It was Sir Arthur Cotton who conceived the idea of networking of rivers two centuries ago. But, the idea of interlinking rivers was revived few decades ago independently by M.Visveswarayya, K.L.Rao and D.T. Dastur.
Three years back, in response to the order of Supreme Court of India to complete this mega project costing about 5.6 lakhs crore, the then government appointed task force of scientists, engineers, economists, biologists and policy makers to make a detailed project report.
The following major benefits may accrue to the country with the completion of massive project.
1. Nearly 35 mha of agricultural land can be brought under irrigation additionally using 173 BCM of additional water created thus food security.
2. Raise in ultimate irrigation potential from 113 million ha to 148.150 million
3. Transfer of water from surplus to deficit areas thus flood and drought problems may be mitigated.
4. Production of 34 giga watts of inexpensive and eco-friendly hydropower may be expected.
2. Inter basin transfer
This project was formulated by National Water Development Agency (NWDA). As per the plan, the project is divided in to two broad components.
1. Himalayan component with 14 river links.
2. The peninsular component with 16 river links.
It is planned to transfer 141 km3/yr through peninsular India and 33 km3/yr Himalayan links essentially for redistribution in the Ganga basin and to Western India.
3. Methods of water harvesting and groundwater recharge
“The ways of collecting the drops of Palar, i.e., of rainfall, are as unending as the names of clouds and drops. The pot like the ocean is filled up drop by drop.”
(a) Rooftop rainwater harvesting
(b) Water harvesting
c) Watershed management
4. Recycling and Reuse of Municipal and Industrial waste water
‘Recycling’ means internal use of water by the original user prior to discharge. While ‘Reuse’ refers to wastewater that discharges from municipalities (75 per cent), industries and irrigation are withdrawn by users other than dischargers. After treatment, reclaimed waters are diverted for irrigation. It is clearly evident in big cities like Delhi where the water scarcity is acute; the municipal sewage water is utilized for irrigating vegetable crops. In Tamilnadu, industrial wastewater is being used for irrigating sugarcane crop.
5. Improving Water Use Efficiency through better technology
Agriculture sector consumes more than 85 per cent of total water in the country. If we are able to save 7 per cent of it, we will be able to meet domestic and industrial demand. Hence it is imperative to adapt less water consuming or water saving methods of irrigations with an aim of producing more crops per drop (WUE).
Such methods include micro irrigation (drip, sprinkler, bubbler, spray and indigenous drip irrigation) methods. By using these methods, two to three times more area can be brought under irrigation with same quantity of water besides improving crop quality and doubling the productivity.
Answer:
Essay on poor water management in India
Explanation:
Free sample essay on Water Crisis in India. India has many social problems and frequent water crisis in many States is one of them. Food and drinking water are quite essential for people’s comfortable living. When these two are scarce sometimes people suffer untold miseries.
India suffers from water shortage for cultivation and drinking despite the fact that many big rivers, some of them perennial rivers, flow through some parts of India. In the south there are the Krishna, Godavari, Cauvery, Tamaraparani, Perilya and other rivers. In the north there are the mighty Ganges, Brahmaputra, Indus, Mahanadi and other rivers. Much of the water goes to the sea unused. Though we have much natural resources like water, minerals, abundantly growing crops and so on, we still suffer, because our knowledge of utilising these natural resources to the maximum advantage is inadequate.
The two States that suffer acute water scarcity sometimes are Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh. The water reservoirs in many towns and cities were meant for a small population. Even the drains for carrying sewage water were planned and built for a small population. With the increasing population the water available is inadequate to meet the needs of the people. Investigation should be done whether more reservoirs could be built to augment the supply of drinking water to the people.