write a descriptive essay on transport of india
(answer should satisfy class 10 icse board council)
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Answer:
Transport system in India consists of transport by land, water, and air. Public transport remains the primary mode of transport for most Indian citizens, and India's public transport systems are among the most heavily used in the world.[1]
Motor vehicle population in India is low as per international standards, with only 24.85 million cars on the nation's roads as per 2013 records.[2] In total, about 21 percent of households have two wheelers whereas only 4.7 percent of households in India have cars/jeeps/vans as per the 2011 Census.[3][4] Despite this, the number of deaths caused by traffic is amongst the highest in the world and increasing.[5][6] The automobile industry in India is currently rapidly growing with an annual production of over 4.6 million vehicles,[7] with an annual growth rate of 10.5%[3] and vehicle volume is expected to rise greatly in the future.[8]
India's rail network is the second-longest and the most heavily used system in the world,[1] transporting 8.225 billion passengers and over 970 million tonnes of freight annually, as of 2015.[9] The railways transport about 18 million citizens daily.
In 2015–16, Government of India, declared 106 National Waterways (NW) under Inland Waterways Authority of India to reduce the cost of transportation and lower the carbon footprint by moving the traffic from surface roads and railroads to waterways.[10]
Despite ongoing improvements in the transport sector, several aspects of transportation are still riddled with problems due to outdated infrastructure and lack of investment in less economically active parts of the country. The demand for transport infrastructure and services has been rising by around 10% a year[1] with the current infrastructure being unable to meet these growing demands. According to Goldman Sachs, India will need to spend US$1.7 trillion on infrastructure projects over the next decade to boost economic growth.