Write a essay on a cyclone affected area
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Answer:
India’s 7,517 kms coastline has been raked by cyclones for centuries. The term ‘Cyclone’ denote all tropical storms; it is called ‘hurricane’ in the Atlantic and the Eastern Pacific, typhoon” in the western Pacific, ‘willy-willy’ in Australia and bagius in the Philippines.
Cyclones are usually located approximately 30 degrees above and below the equator. They vary in diameter from 50 kms to 320 kms, but their effects dominate thousands of sq. kms of ocean surface and the lower atmosphere.
The perimeter may measure 1,000 km but the powerhouse is located within the 100 kms radius. Nearer the eye, winds may hit 320 km ph. Tropical cyclones are intensifying swirls of cloud and rain which then progress into tropical storms. They spin clockwise in the northern Hemisphere and anti-clock wise in the southern hemisphere.
Between five and 20 kms tall when fully formed, they become self- sustaining and bloat until they hit cool land or ocean being of oceanic origin, they generally hit the east coast of the continents. The Indian subcontinent is the worst cyclone affected part of the world as a result of a low-depth ocean bed topography and coastal configuration. Stretches along the Bay of Bengal Coast-line have the world’s shallowest waters.
The relatively dense population and poor economic condition completes the picture. The population density in some of the coastal districts is as high as 670 person per square km compared to the state average of 26 persons per sq km. Cyclone strike here in May-June and October- November, with the monsoon’s onset and retreat. Cyclones of a diameter of 600 kms or more is one of the most destructive and dangerous atmospheric storms on the earth.
With about 6 per cent of the world wide cyclones, the Indian sub-continent is the worst cyclone affected areas. No universally acknowledged theory of occurrence of tropical cyclone is known today.
A tropical cyclone can form when the horizontal temperature gradients are exceedingly high around a weakly developed area of low pressure. The cyclone is the heat engine whose heater is the oceanic surface. The released heat after condensation converts it into kinetic energy for the cyclone. The following are the stages in the formation of a cyclone:
(a) Temperature of the oceanic surface over 26°C
(b) Appearance of a closed isobar
(c) Low pressure dropping below 1000 mb
ADVERTISEMENTS: (d) Areas of circular movement, first spreading to a radius of 30-50 kms then increasing gradually to 100-200 kms and even to 1000 kms. And
(e) Vertically the wind speed first rising to a height of 6 km, then much higher.
Explanation: