Question

write a essay on Division of labour ​

Answer 1

Answer:

Division of labour refers to the method of organising production where the work required to produce a product is divided into different specialized tasks with different workers specializing in each task.

Explanation:

this is the meaning of Division of labour

Answer 2

Essay on Division of Labor

Division of labor refers to the separation or fragmentation of tasks, duties or, roles distributed among different individuals or groups within a social system. The assignment of task may range from an individual having a specialized function to a group performing the same job. In sociology, division of labor is regarded as a vital part of social order. That is, division of tasks enables the social to exist and act coherently and organically. Hence, it promotes both order and social solidarity. There are numerous, and oftentimes opposing, perspectives about this concept; and three of the main theories that surrounds the idea of division of labor includes that of Emilie Durkheim, Karl Marx, and Adam Smith.

Adam Smith’s conception of division of labor involves mainly its benefit for the industrial capitalist market. More particularly, he sees this process of dividing task as a positive source of productiveness, which results to numerous economic advantages. In An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes Wealth of Nations, Smith (2008) notes that “the greatest improvements in the productive powers of labor, and the greatest part of the skill, dexterity, and judgement… seem to have been the effects of the division of labor” (3). Such passage shows how Smith associates division of labor with increased productivity and, ultimately economic reward. For him, division of labor involves the process of breaking down a large task into various tiny components. Under this process, each worker is assigned to perform a specific job, which in turn, allows him to become an expert in one area of production. The fact that a laborer do not have to switch responsibilities during the day saves time, money, and effort. And as a result, it increases the probability of efficiency, productivity, and of course, greater profit. Smith explains this concept further by giving an example of a single worker who has a limited capacity to produce pins. On the other hand, he asserts that the same product can be produced with much greater number if the task is taken apart to various components and performed by numerous workers.

Surprisingly, Smith also recognizes the potential problem of this set-up. He pointed out that forcing individuals to perform the same mundane routine everyday would cause the workers to become not only ignorant but dissatisfied as well. For this very reason, Smith proposed a revolutionary belief that it is the government’s responsibility to provide education to the work force. He maintains that education could counteract the negative effects of a factory set-up. Instead, education will help an individual recognize a job that suits him best.

While division of labor is crucial to the economic growth of a society. Smith insists that such process was not the effect of any human foresight or knowledge. Instead, he asserts that it is developed out of necessity and the human’s natural propensity to truck, barter, and exchange one thing for the other” (Smith 13). Smith argues that this propensity, in particular, is trait that could be found in humans alone. And it has subsequently enabled him to realize the idea of self-interest.

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