write a essay on : role of Army in disaster management in at least 100 - 150 words or just dont answer
Answers
Answer: Disaster management is a continuous and integrated
process involving many stakeholders working
together to prevent, mitigate, prepare for, and
respond to disaster and reconstruction after disaster.
It is confirmed that no single organization can
handle a disaster situation of any scale alone. It is
the collective responsibility of different groups of
stakeholders, like various ministries, departments
and boards of union, state and local governments,
private sector, civil society, Non- Governmental
Organizations (NGO), armed forces, Central Armed
Police Forces (CAPF), National Disaster Response
Force (NDRF) and international institutions etc.,
and everyone plays different roles in this process.
While, some stakeholders have to take a leading role
in disaster management, others play a supporting
role in this process. Thus, there are different group
of stakeholders for disaster management and among
them armed forces plays a significant role.
The primary role of the armed forces involves to
the defence of the country against external and
internal threats and needs no deliberation. The
secondary role of the armed forces as an “aid of civil
authorities” is a constitutional obligation, although
as an instrument of last resort. The armed forces
can be called out to aid the civil authorities to meet
various unforeseen events. It is noted that when any
natural or man-made disaster takes place in any
part of the world, the armed forces are frequently
deployed for disaster risk management.
Currently, involvements of armed forces to aid civil
authority in various events are continuously rising.
Given their professional training and spirit to deliver
and assist the communities, the armed forces always
become the first choice of any state civil authorities
in the event of disasters. Both the government and
civil society have incredible faith in the armed forces
and believe that all the emergencies and crisis can be
handled by the armed forces effectively. The role of
the armed forces in disaster management is globally
well recognized. The defence services due to their
organization, disposition, training and manpower
are natural partners in any national effort to combat
disaster. Though, their role in disaster management
is significant; however their involvement in disaster
management has been a debated issue. There are
two opposite views on this issue: one opposes
the prolonged deployment of the armed forces
in disaster relief and the other advocates a larger,
proactive and more participative role. This latter
view insists on continuing participations of armed
forces in disaster relief, rescue and reconstruction.
Therefore, while analyzing disaster management,
it is essential to evaluate the role of the armed
forces, and the duties of civil administration
during the various stages of disaster management.
Keeping in the view that the armed forces play an
important role in the disaster management it is
necessary to analyze and investigate their role in
disaster management of India, how they can prove
a better disaster manager and how administration
can use their services for better disaster risk
reduction. Therefore, the basic objective of this
paper is to study the role of armed forces in disaster
management of India.
Disaster and Disaster Management
Disaster may be described as a “Catastrophic
situation in which the normal pattern of life or
ecosystem has been disrupted and extra-ordinary
emergency interventions are required to save and
preserve lives and or the environment”. According
to The United Nations International Strategy for
Disaster Reduction (UNISDR) 2009 disaster may be
defined as “ A serious disruption of the functioning
of a community or a society involving widespread
human, material, economic or environmental
losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of
the affected community or society to cope using its
own resources.” Disasters may be classified into two
categories namely: natural disasters and human induced disasters. The UNISDR defines disaster
risk management as the systematic process of using
administrative decisions, organizations, operational
skills and capacities to implement policies, strategies
and coping capacities of the society and communities
to lessen the impacts of natural hazards and related
environmental and technological disasters. It
comprises all forms of activities, including structural
and non-structural measures to avoid (prevention)
or to limit (mitigation and preparedness) adverse
effects of hazards.
Explanation:
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