Question

Write a function that takes three argument 1st input file, 2nd output file and 3rd transformation function. First argument is the file opened for reading, second argument is the file opened for writing and third argument is a function, which takes single string and performs a transformation of your choice and returns the transformed string. The function should reed each line in the input file, pass the line through transformation function and then write transformed line to output file. A transformation can be - capitalize first alphabet of every word.

Answer 1

Answer:

There are several ways to present the output of a program; data can be printed in a human-readable form, or written to a file for future use. This chapter will discuss some of the possibilities.

Fancier Output Formatting

So far we’ve encountered two ways of writing values: expression statements and the print() function. (A third way is using the write() method of file objects; the standard output file can be referenced as sys.stdout. See the Library Reference for more information on this.)

Often you’ll want more control over the formatting of your output than simply printing space-separated values. There are two ways to format your output; the first way is to do all the string handling yourself; using string slicing and concatenation operations you can create any layout you can imagine. The string type has some methods that perform useful operations for padding strings to a given column width; these will be discussed shortly. The second way is to use the str.format() method.

The string module contains a Template class which offers yet another way to substitute values into strings.

One question remains, of course: how do you convert values to strings? Luckily, Python has ways to convert any value to a string: pass it to the repr() or str() functions.

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