Question

Write a long note on Anglo Maratha War.
All the three wars should be included.
It should be a long one.
This is for grade 8
Thanks!!

Answer 1

The Marathas and the British fought 3 Anglo - Maratha Wars before the British assumed control over their kingdom.

The three wars were -

First Anglo-Maratha War (1775–1782)

Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803–1805)

Third Anglo-Maratha War, also known as the Pindari War (1816–1819)

British supported the claims of Raghunath Rao against Peshwa Madhav Rao II, an infant son of the deceased Peshwa. This led to the first Anglo - Maratha War where the British were forced to recognize Madhav Rao II as the Peshwa.

After the death of Nana Phadnavis, who led the first battle againt British, the Marathas started fighting amongst each other for power. When the British saw this, they took advantage of the situation.

Two more wars were fought between the Marathas and the British, leaving the Marathas defeated and the British as the supreme power.

Answer 2

There have been three Anglo-Maratha wars in India's history. These three wars lasted from 1775 AD to 1818 AD. These warfare took place between the British forces and the 'Maratha Mahasangh'. The result of these wars was that the Maratha federation was completely destroyed. There was already a lot of discrimination among the Marathas, due to which they could not unite against the British. Where Raghunathrao dreamed of becoming a Peshwa with friendship with the East India Company and arranged Surat's treaty with the British, on the other side, Bajirao II passed away and settled Basin with the British and sold the independence of the Marathas. The first war (1775-1782 AD) began with British support for the claim of Peshwa (Chief Minister) of Mahasangha by Raghunathrao. The British were defeated in Badgaon in January 1779 AD, but they continued the war with the Marathas until the Treaty of Salbai (May 1782 AD). In it the British got the only benefit in the form of possession of 'Salseet Island' near Bombay (present-day Mumbai). Bajirao II surrendered to the British in 1818 AD. The British had sent him to Bithor by arresting him, where he died in 1853 AD. In the fall of the Marathas, the main role was only of Bajirao II, who had stigmatized entire Marathas and their own by their coercion and fraud.

There were three Anglo-Maratha wars between warring and Marathas-

the First Anglo-Maratha War

The first Anglo Maratha war lasted till 1775 - 1782 AD. Raghova (Raghunathrao) started to dream of becoming a Peshwa by making a compromise with East India Company. In 1775 AD, he made a treaty with the British from Surat, according to which the Bombay government would provide Rs. 1.5 million monthly expenditure to Ragova and assist 2500 soldiers. Instead of helping this, Raghova promised to give the British to Salseet Island and Basin near Bombay. In 1779 AD, the company was defeated by the army at Badgaon and it had to make a treaty of Badgaon. Despite this defeat, Warren Hastings continued the war until the Treaty.

the Second Anglo-Maratha War

The second Anglo-Maratha War lasted till 1803 - 1806 AD. After making Bajirao II their subordinate, the British were striving for it, that they too should take Holkar, Bhosale and Mahadji Shinde as their subjects. At the same time, he continued to promote the mutual discord and division with his diplomacy, which was always a virtue of Maratha politics. Vasco da Gama came to Calicut in 1502 for the second time and established the first Portuguese factory in Cochin.

Third Anglo-Maratha War

The Third Anglo-Maratha War lasted till 1817 - 1818 AD. This war was finally fought after Warren Hastings became the governor-general of India. The British made a treaty of Gwalior with Mahadji Shinde in November 1817, according to which Mahadji will help the British in the suppression of Shinde Pandits and also remove their influence from the Chambal river on the south-west states. In June 1817, the British made a treaty of Poona from Peshwa, under which Peshwa gave up the presidency of the 'Maratha Sangha'.