Question

write a note on ABO blood group system in human beings

Answer 1

A pathologist and research scholar Karl Landsteiner and his colleagues in 1900 detected and observed that the blood in all human beings are not same but are different and this appearance of diversity takes place due to presence of glycoprotein which is a special type of protein exists in RBC and it is called antigen.
This antigen is of two types -
1. Antigen A
2. Antigen B
Thus two English letters A and B which are the symbolic representation of two types of antigen and on the basis of it and every person's blood possesses certain inherited characteristics which distinguish it from the blood of every other person. On the basis of these characteristics blood has been divided into the various groups and the scientist came to understand the groups when they studied blood transfusion.
There are four types of blood groups -

#A - antigen (in RBC) - only A # Antibody (in plasma) - only B.

#B - antigen (in RBC) - only B #Antibody (in plasma) - only A.

# AB - antigen (in RBC) - both A and B # Antibody (in plasma) - absent.

#O - antigen (in RBC) - absent # Antibody (in plasma) - both A and B.