Write a note on clinical thermometer.
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A clinical thermometer is a thermometer used to measure human body temperature. Most made in the 20th century are mercury-in-glass thermometers. They are accurate and sensitive, having a narrow place where the mercury level rises very fast. A kink in the tube stops the mercury level from falling on its own.
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We find that many of the physical properties, (like thermal expansion, pressure, volume) of different materials, change with temperature in a regular and systematic manner. We can, therefore, use these properties as a way of measuring
temperature. The simplest thermometer, with which we all are familiar, is the mercury in glass thermometer. It is based on
the thermal expansion of mercury. This thernmometer is shown in the figure here.It consists of a narrow capillary tube of glass that is closed at its upper end and has a bulb at its lower end. The bulb is
filled with mercury. Inside the capillary tube we can see a small shining thread of mercury. The mercury, present in the
bulb of the thermometer, expands when heated. The extent of its expansion, and, therefore, the length of mercury thread
in the capillary tube, depends on the extent of heating of the thermometer. This, in turn, depends on the temperature
of the object with which the thermometer bulb has been put in contact. The length of the mercury thread (in the
thermometer) can, thus, give us a measure of the temperature of the object....
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